Mango Diseases And It's Treatment
Mango Diseases
Mango trees are tropical and subtropical trees that thrive in regions with warm temperatures. Indigenous to India and Southeast Asia, mango trees are particularly susceptible to two diseases of mango: anthracnose and powdery mildew. Both of these fungal diseases attack emerging flowers, panicles, and fruit.
Of the two diseases, anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) afflicts mango trees most severely. In the case of anthracnose, mango tree disease symptoms appear as sunken, black, irregularly shaped lesions that grow resulting in blossom blight, leaf spotting, fruit staining, and eventual rot. The mango tree disease is fostered by rainy conditions and heavy dews.
Powdery mildew is another fungus that afflicts flowers, leaves, and young fruit. Infected areas of the mango tree become covered with a whitish, powdery mold. As mango leaves mature, lesions along the midribs or underside of the foliage become dark brown and greasy looking. In severe cases, the infection will destroy flowering panicles, resulting in a lack of fruit set and defoliation of the mango tree.
Mango scab (Elsinoe mangiferae) is another fungal disease that attacks flowers, leaves, fruit, and twigs. The first signs of infection mimic the symptoms of anthracnose diseases. Mango fruit lesions will be covered with a corky, brown tissue and leaves become distorted.
Verticillium wilt attacks the mango tree’s roots and vascular system, preventing the tree from up-taking water. Leaves begin to brown, wilt, and desiccate, stems and limbs die back, and the vascular tissues turn brown. The mango tree disease is most damaging to young trees and may even kill them.
Parasitic algal spot is another infection that more rarely afflicts mango fruit trees. In this case, mango disease symptoms present as circular greenish/gray spots that turn rust red on the mango leaves. Infection of mango stems can lead to bark cankers, stem thickening, and death.
Diseases Treatment
Treating a sick mango tree for fungal diseases involves using a mango fungicide. All susceptible parts of the tree should be thoroughly coated with the fungicide before infection occurs at the tree. If applied when the mango tree is already infected, the fungicide will have no effect. Mango fungicide sprays need to be reapplied on new growth.Apply fungicide in the early spring and again 10 to 21 days later to protect the panicles of blossoms during development and mango fruit set. If powdery mildew is in evidence, apply sulfur to mango trees to prevent the spread of the infection to new growth.
If the tree becomes infected with verticillium wilt, prune out any infected limbs of the mango tree. Mangoes scab generally doesn’t need to be treated, since an anthracnose spray program also controls mango scab. Algal spot on mango leaves will also usually not be an issue when copper fungicides are periodically applied during the summer.
To reduce the risk of fungal infections, grow only anthracnose resistant cultivars of mango tree. Maintain a consistent and timely program for fungal application and thoroughly cover all susceptible parts of the mango tree. For assistance with mango tree disease treatment, consult your local extension office for recommended control recommendations.
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